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Message Area
Sci / Health / Environment

Enviro. June 21 '05 Radon and Cancer

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#1 of 3

     Posted 6/23/05 3:04 AM   
Sue_N
 
From  Sue_N  Posts 3452  Last 12:11 AM
To  All      [Msg # 198117.1 ]    

Do you know if your home has safe radon levels? Did you know that smokers are at much higher risk of lung cancer if they are in a high radon area?

Radon and Cancer

Radon, chemical symbol Rn, is a radioactive noble gas with atomic number 86. It is formed by the disintegration of radium. Its most stable isotope, Rn-222, is used in radiotherapy and has a half-life of 3.8 days. The decay of naturally-occurring uranium-238 leads eventually to the production of radon-222 (via thorium-234, protactinium-234, uranium-234, thorium-230 and radium-226). The solid products of the decay of Radon-222 often form a fine dust. The dust entering the airways and become stuck in lung tissue can cause heavy local exposure to radiation.

Radon is colourless, odourless and tasteless at room temperatures, chemically inert and heavy. Radon in surface water will easily volatize, so it is present in higher concentrations in ground water. Water drilled from deep wells tends to have a much higher concentration of radon than surface water sources. The effect of radon in water on rates of cancer of the digestive and other systems has not been studied much.

Radon gas, which can cause lung cancer, can accumulate in houses and is believed to cause up to 20,000 deaths in the European Union and 21,000 in the USA per year. It is difficult to tell which of several possible causes may cause a particular case of cancer, however. The fine dust of radium decay products can adhere to tobacco smoke particles and enter the lungs, so radon can greatly increase the risk of smokers getting lung cancer. Radon can also attach itself to other forms of dust and aerosols that we breathe in. The small amount of radioactive material that makes its way into the blood stream and into organs is not thought to be a major contributor to illness. Some water sources may also pose a radon risk.

Radon is found in varying amounts in the ground, and therefore also in the air, in many parts of the world. It disperses very thinly in the air, but can become concentrated when trapped in buildings, mines and caves, etc. There can also be elevated levels at water treatment facilities. It is particularly common, but not exclusively found, in regions with granite; though not all granite has high levels. Misasa, Japan, and Bad Kreuznach, Germany are famous for their radium-rich springs and therefore radon. Radon therapy centres and baths still exist.

Many houses have indoor radon; how much depends not only on the local radon concentrations, but on ventilation and construction. A thick but inexpensive membrane under the entire floorspace can prevent radon from rising into the home, and with carefully-designed ventilation can save lives. Retrofitting of foil or plastic sheeting under floor coverings can also help. Radon levels can vary considerably in a house, so measurements need to be taken over a considerable time. Countries currently vary in the concentration of radon (measured in Becquerel per cubic meter, Bq/m3) that they consider merits action.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has just launched a campaign to increase awareness of the risks and the ways of reducing them. Running from 2005 to 2007 initially, the project will set up and coordinate a global network of radon scientists, regulators and policy makers. Working groups will work on "risk assessment, exposure guidelines, measurement and mitigation of radon levels, investigations of cost-effectiveness and risk communication". The WHO will also produce fact sheets and create a global radon database with estimates of the effects on health worldwide. It is part of a campaign to reduce lung cancer risk word wide.

WHO starts drive against environmental cancer risk

The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched a drive to raise awareness of the risk of cancer from naturally occurring uranium in the form of radon radioactive gas. It is the biggest cause of lung cancer after smoking, and can increase the risk of lung cancer in a smoker by 25 times. The WHO is to put together a global radon database.

Please see the following message for the remaining stories.

Sue [sysop in NewsForum, World Issues, All Animals forums]
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#2 of 3

     Posted 6/23/05 3:06 AM   
Sue_N
 
From  Sue_N  Posts 3452  Last 12:11 AM
To  All      [Msg # 198117.2 Message 198117.2 replying to 198117.1 198117.1 ]    

Other Stories

Mich. American Indian Carvings in Danger

The Sanilac Petroglyphs, rare American Indian carvings in rural Michigan about 100 miles north of Detroit, are in need of preservation. They were drawn on soft sandstone and so are vulnerable to weather and to visitors. They are part of the state museum system, and subject to budget cuts.

WHO worried by China's use of flu drug on birds

The World Health Organization (WHO) is concerned that Chinese farmers are using controversial anti-viral drugs on poultry in attempt to stop bird flu. There is a new outbreak of the H5N1 strain of the disease, which can be fatal, in Changji, Xinjiang. If this disease were to mutate it could call a mandate that could kill tens of millions. If the farmers are indeed using amantadine (or other human anti-viral drugs), this could render it useless in fighting human influenza, making the bird flu resistant to it.

Alaska Natives Push for More Toxin Studies

Alaska natives are seeing illness and death in themselves and their animals that previous generations never saw. They want scientific studies into the causes.

Whaling Commission Upholds Killing Ban, Japan loses commercial whaling vote, Anti-whaling states aim to condemn Japan program, FACTBOX-Whale hunters and conservationists battle

The International Whaling Commission voted once again to maintain a moratorium on whaling by 29-23 with 5 abstentions. 75% was needed to lift the ban, which was imposed in 1986. Norway, which defies the ban, and Japan had hoped to see at least a swing in their favour. It remains to be seen how long Japan will abide by the ban; it intends to considerably increase the number of whales it kills for "scientific" purposes. An Australian resolution to condemn Japan's whaling plans was scrapped due to slow progress.

Lions Rescue, Guard Beaten Ethiopian Girl

An Ethiopian 12-year-old girl who was kidnapped and beaten to try and force her into marriage was found being guarded by 3 lions; her captives had apparently fled. It is possible that her crying sounded like a lion cub to the lions. Around 1,000 Ethiopian lions remain in the wild. They are killed for their valuable skins.

Animal Rights Extremism a Priority for FBI

The FBI's top domestic terrorism issue is violence by environmental and animal rights extremists against U.S. drug makers.

Rodents May Be Partly to Blame for Outage

It is possible that rats gnawing through a fiber optic cable were responsible for an outage at New Zealand's Stock Exchange and that disrupted mobile phone and Internet services on Monday. A post-hole digger had severed a second cable. Like electricity grids, modern communications networks are complex and at risk of cascade failure (domino effect).

Climate change plan has setback in U.S. energy bill

Pete Domenici of New Mexico, Republican chairman of the Senate Energy Committee has decided against backing Democrat Jeff Bingaman's plan for an emissions trading program beginning in 2010 to slow the growth of U.S. carbon emissions. He said, "This is just too tough to do quickly".

Agency: EU Greenhouse Gas Emissions Rise, CO2 emissions rise 1.8 percent in 2002/03-EU Agency

The European Environment Agency says that greenhouse gas emissions in the EU rose in 2003, mostly due to coal burning. It now seems unlikely that the EU will meet its emissions reduction targets under the Kyoto Protocol on climate change, but several major initiatives have yet to be in place.

Senate Backs Offshore Energy Inventory

The Senate has voted for an inventory of offshore oil and gas resources. Oppoonents fear this may be a prercusor to drilling, as it includes previously off-limits areas. Environmentalists fear the seismic testing involved would harm wildlife.

Biofuel increasingly competitive if oil surge lasts

The higher oil prices rise, the more competitive biofuels become. If oil prices rise much further, they would start becoming competitive without state subsidies. Ethanol is already competitive in Brazil. Several countries pan on increasing production and use of biofuels -- ethanol and biodiesel.

Sierra Nevada Growth to Bring Congestion

The population of the Sierra Nevada may triple by 2040, creating sprawl, gridlock and pollution. Few places have plans for the population increase or for conservation.

Golf Carts Traveling Onto City Streets

Golf carts are increasingly being driven on roads and sidewalks in downtown Columbus, Ohio and elsewhere. Some states limit them to roads with speed limits up to 35 mph, as they can cause problems in faster traffic; five states ban them from the roads. Cities often add their own limitations. A few places have special paths and parking for them.

Please see the following message for the remaining stories.

S
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#3 of 3

     Posted 6/23/05 3:10 AM   
Sue_N
 
From  Sue_N  Posts 3452  Last 12:11 AM
To  All      [Msg # 198117.3 Message 198117.3 replying to 198117.2 198117.2 ]    

Texas May Be U.S. Top Watermelon Producer

Texas is enjoying a bumper watermelon crop, which may put it ahead of Florida this year. In the same news wire, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has decided not to proceed with a proposal to limit the sale of hops, saying the case for it had not been made.

Mass. Trees Attacked by Two Moth Species

Two moth species are devastating trees in southeastern Massachusetts. Nobody knows why there has been a caterpillar explosion this year in the north east.

Police Officer Drops Dead During Skirmish

A police officer collapsed and died when dealing with protesters outside a biotechnology convention being attended by about 18,000 in Philadelphia. A heart attack appears to be the cause.


Do you know if your home has safe radon levels? Did you know that smokers are at much higher risk of lung cancer if they are in a high radon area?

[Views expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of CompuServe, Netscape, any government, agency, or news organization. External Websites are "At Your Own Risk," and no endorsement is expressed or implied.]

Sue [sysop in NewsForum, World Issues, All Animals forums]
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Sci / Health / Environment

Enviro. June 21 '05 Radon and Cancer

  
 
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